Mass remote work. All-digital hiring processes. Advances in upskilling and reskilling. So much about the workforce ecosystem has been in flux for the past year-plus, is it any surprise that resume best practices are evolving as well?
To help you understand what's new, what isn't—and stand out from the competition—we've broken down the three highest-impact resume formats for 2022:
- Reverse-Chronological Resumes
- Functional Resumes
- Combined Resumes
Actionable guidance. Downloadable templates. Tips to help you optimize for the latest hiring tech. This is the definitive resume playbook for 2022.
1. Reverse-Chronological Resumes
Overview
• Presents an easy-to-follow, linear career narrative, beginning with your most recent professional experience and working backward from there
• The most widely used resume format
Advantages
• Eliminates confusion and presents your professional experience in a clear, easy-to-understand format
• Usually creates an impression of career growth and progression
Drawbacks
• May call attention to gaps in your employment history
• Skills and competencies aren't always clear
• Not the best format if you're pursuing a new path in your career
The most widely used resume format among job seekers today, reverse-chronological resumes are also probably the easiest for recruiters and hiring managers to understand at a glance—which is itself an advantage. What's more, starting with your most recent experience, then working backward in time, helps frame your career within a narrative of growth and progression.
In other words, don't be put off by the fact that this resume format is so common, because it can be used to present your candidacy as anything but.
Structurally, these resumes consist of three parts, enumerated in the following image. You should also download our reverse-chronological resume template if you're looking for more detailed, hands-on guidance.
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1. Start with your name and contact information (which should be pretty straightforward), type in the role you're applying for (make it an H1) and move on to the candidate statement. This is where you should try to connect your experience, interests and areas of expertise to the role in question. Keep it succinct (two or three sentences).
2. Next, summarize—two or three sentences max—your day-to-day responsibilities in the role, keeping the details at a fairly high level and saving specific accomplishments for the bullet points below. Try to make the tone and voice consistent with what you wrote earlier in your candidate statement.
3. Finally, wrap up. This section is where you should provide a quick summary of relevant details around education, certification or training you have received.
Download Our Reverse-Chronological Resume Template
2. Functional Resumes
Overview
• Functional resumes zero in on specific projects, experiences and outcomes, thereby placing the emphasis on your skills and competencies, rather than your overall career progression
Advantages
• Great option for candidates who work in project-based, freelance or consultative capacities
• Shows how you contribute value by connecting skills to outcomes
Drawbacks
• Doesn't chronologically document your career trajectory—the timeline can be hard to grasp
• Raises questions for some recruiters and hiring managers
Less common than reverse-chronological resumes, functional resumes offer something else entirely: a more narrowly focused and curated window into your professional experience. By dialing down the gestalt and dialing up the details, this resume format not only highlights skills and proficiencies but connects them to outcomes and applications.
In a nutshell, a functional resume announces, "This is what I do best, and this is exactly where and how l'll contribute value."
So that's the upside.
The downside is that there are other things functional resumes don't do especially well. For example, when did you take on additional responsibilities at work? At what point were you rewarded with a promotion? Details like these get lost on a purely functional resume, since there's no overarching, high-level view of your career.
In other words, while this is definitely the best resume format for some candidates, it's important to recognize that it come with strengths as well as weaknesses. To make that more concrete, let's zoom in and look at this resume format in more detail.
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1. Again, jotting down your name and contact information is the first piece of the puzzle. Next, write the name of the job you're applying for, followed by a short candidate statement, which answers the vital "why" questions: Namely, why should you be called up for an interview? Why are you the right candidate for this job?
2. This is where you can break down your most directly relevant work experience for the job at hand. Emphasize dollars-and-cents value, or quantitative benefits you've delivered in the past, as much as possible. You want your skills to stand out.
3. Close with relevant information about certifications, education or training you have received.
Download Our Functional Resume Template
3. Combined Resumes
Overview
• Combined resumes bring together the narrowly focused, more curated approach of a functional resume with the holistic perspective of a reverse-chronological resume
ADVANTAGES
• Highlights key areas where you can make an impact without skipping over the broader story of your overall work experience
• Can be more concise than a reverse-chronological resume
DRAWBACKS
• Usually less concise than a strictly functional resume
• May not be immediately clear to hiring managers and recruiters what type of resume they're dealing with
Some candidates will decide on a third course, the combined resume, a hybrid of the two resume formats we've covered so far. It's a way of laying out your overall career trajectory while also foregrounding your most relevant skills and areas of expertise. The former gives recruiters and hiring managers a sense of where you're coming from (and where you might be a good culture fit for the organization); the latter highlights how you'll contribute value.
Given the rise of agile workforce—and an increased reliance on contractors for project-based work in general—it stands to reason that this resume format going to become more popular in the future. So if you think this is the right format for you, good! Just be sure to adequately document your previous work experience. For example, including names of companies, dates worked, titles held and other details matters a lot. Otherwise, those omissions could look suspect in the eyes of a prospective employer.
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1. Note that this one looks a lot like a functional resume, but with one notable addition (see number three). As before, start with your name, the job you're applying for and your candidate statement.
2. Call out projects, skills and experiences that are relevant to the job you're applying for, doing your best to quantify deliverables—for example, the budget, timeline for completion or number of stakeholders involved—wherever possible.
3. Document your work history, adhering to the organizational principles of a reverse-chronological resume—that is, starting with your most recent work experience and working backward in time from there. Be sure to include dates. Keep this as succinct as possible.
4. Finally, be sure to include information around certifications, education or training that you have received.
Download Our Combined Resume Template
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FAQs
What is the most preferred resume format? ›
The chronological resume (also known as the reverse-chronological format) is the most popular format and the best resume format for experienced candidates. The chronological resume emphasizes your work history section, where you list information about current and past jobs with the most recent job first.
How many pages should a resume be 2022? ›Depending on the job description and your work experience, your resume should be one or two pages long. If you have over 10 years of relevant experience, a multi-page resume works better than a one-page. However, there are a few things you should keep in mind if your resume does go over several pages long.
How do I organize my resume 2022? ›- Contact Information.
- Resume Summary or Objective.
- Skills.
- Work Experience.
- Optional Sections/Education.
- Education/Optional Sections.
Don't include lots of information that's irrelevant to the job you're applying for. “Sure, you've got hobbies, interests, languages, favorite bands, and ambitions,” Cenedella says. “But keep the information that doesn't address your ability to be responsible, accountable, and a hard worker to a reasonable level.”
What employers look for on a resume 2022? ›There are mainly four things that recruiters and hiring managers look for in the resume scanning stage: work experience, education, skill set, and personality.
What type of resume do employers generally prefer? ›Chronological is the most common type of resume. It lists your work history, with the most recent positions shown first. Employers typically prefer this type of resume because it's easy to see what jobs you have held and when you worked at them.
What kind of resumes do employers like? ›Chronological is best if you have a strong career path that shows current and previous experience related to your field. However, if you are new to the workforce, a functional resume may be better suited to show your skills.
What are the top three 3 most popular types of resumes? ›There are three common resume formats: chronological, functional, and combination.
What is the best font for a resume? ›...
What Are the Best Resume Fonts?
- Arial.
- Cambria.
- Calibri.
- Garamond.
- Georgia.
- Helvetica.
- Times New Roman.
- Verdana.
There's no need to include personal information on a resume such as your social security number, marital status, nationality, sexual orientation, or spiritual beliefs. In fact, it is illegal for employers to ask for these personal details.
What font should a resume be in? ›
Times New Roman is widely-considered the most classic and traditional font to use on a resume. If you want to play it safe, this is the #1 font to use.
What are the 3 important things on a resume? ›- Personal Information. Name Current and Permanent address (may be omitted from a resume posted on the web) ...
- Objective. In one short sentence summarize your goal for your job search. ...
- Education. ...
- Work and Related Experience. ...
- Awards and Honors. ...
- Activities/Hobbies. ...
- Skills. ...
- References (3-5 people)
- Contact Information.
- Resume Summary/Objective.
- Skills Section.
- Work Experience.
- Education.
- Additional Sections.
Most experts recommend including 10-15 years of work history on your resume. For the majority of professionals, this includes between three and five different jobs.
What are 4 common resume mistakes? ›- Having spelling errors and bad grammar. ...
- Exaggerating the truth. ...
- Poor formatting. ...
- An unoriginal personal profile. ...
- Not focusing on your achievements. ...
- Making your CV too long. ...
- Putting the wrong contact information.
- Grammar and punctuation errors. Think about the underlying message communicated with typos, and with errors in grammar and punctuation. ...
- Poor formatting. Can't fit your resume to one page? ...
- Failure to communicate knowledge and skills. ...
- Job descriptions that aren't descriptive. ...
- Using pronouns and articles.
- “Salary negotiable” Yes, they know. ...
- “References available by request” See the preceding comment about unnecessary terms.
- “Responsible for ______” ...
- “Experience working in ______” ...
- “Problem-solving skills” ...
- “Detail-oriented” ...
- “Hardworking” ...
- “Team player”
- A career objective. Put simply: A career objective is largely obsolete. ...
- Your home address. ...
- Soft skills in a skills section. ...
- References. ...
- Stylized fonts. ...
- High school education. ...
- Your photograph. ...
- Company-specific jargon.
- Keep your resume short and direct. ...
- Create an original resume template. ...
- Highlight relevant skills and experiences. ...
- Demonstrate results with numbers and metrics. ...
- Craft a career snapshot. ...
- Optimize your text. ...
- Think beyond your job duties. ...
- Use the right language to stand out.
- Respond Directly to the Job Description. ...
- Describe Accomplishments, Not Responsibilities. ...
- Quantify Your Accomplishments. ...
- Use the Summary Section for Distinguishing Details. ...
- Ignore Irrelevant Information.
Do employers prefer Word or PDF resumes? ›
What if they say to send the resume in PDF or Word? When in doubt, use the Word doc. Word documents are the preferred resume file type for applicant tracking systems (ATSs) because they are easier to parse than a PDF, so if you are applying for a job through an ATS, make your resume a . docx (or .
What is the best resume format for older workers? ›For many older job seekers, it may be best to use a hybrid resume. This resume style allows you to highlight your relevant skills at the top of the resume without drawing attention to your dates of employment. While you include your work history in chronological order, it doesn't take center stage.
What are key things employers look for on a resume? ›- Roles and Responsibilities. ...
- Experience. ...
- Skills. ...
- Results and Achievements. ...
- Education. ...
- Easy to Read. ...
- No Inconsistencies. ...
- Relevant Language.
- Skills To Leave Off Resume.
- Skills You Don't Have.
- Obsolete Skills.
- Skills That Aren't Relevant to the Job.
- Overused Skill Words.
- Skills That Are Too General.
- Skills That Everyone Should Already Have.
- Highlight Your Most Relevant Skills.
The "skills" section of a resume is the most important, according to many employers. A candidate that lacks experience should still have the necessary skills, showing a potential for growth. A variety of skills is also important to indicate that a candidate has a number of interests.
Which are red flags on a resume? ›- Spelling, grammar, and punctuation issues. ...
- Poor formatting. ...
- Failure to follow directions. ...
- Lack of customization. ...
- Unexplained employment gaps. ...
- Regression or lack of progression. ...
- Multiple career changes. ...
- Unprofessional social media presence.
The 3 F's of resume writing are Function, Form(at) and (e)Ffectiveness. When these 3 elements are adhered to simultaneously in the resume, they make it the perfect fit for the role you're applying to.
Should you put your address on your resume? ›Should you put your address on your resume? It's optional. In certain situations, including it could be helpful, but leaving it out won't get you rejected. Put the city and zip code of the employer in your professional summary if you're really concerned about being rejected by the ATS.
What color is best on a resume? ›The best colors for a resume are black, white, and blue.
If you're looking for the best color scheme for your resume and want a resume color that's proven and safe to use, go with the same color that these big brands use — blue.
It's recommended to have 3-6 bullets under each role with more focus on functions that are relevant to the job. It is also crucial to start your bullet points with action verbs and quantify what you did in your previous jobs.
Can my resume be 2 pages? ›
Can a Resume Be 2 Pages? A resume can be two pages long. Just make sure your resume isn't longer just because it includes unncessary details like irrelevant work experience or skills unrelated to the job you're applying for.
What is considered a bad resume? ›A bad resume lacks both measurable and individualized outcomes. Instead of listing the tasks you perform or talking about your company's accomplishments, explain how you used your skills to create measurable results for your employer.
What are some bad resume mistakes? ›- Typos and Grammatical Errors. ...
- Lack of Specifics. ...
- Attempting the "One–Size–Fits–All" Approach. ...
- Highlighting Duties Instead of Accomplishments. ...
- Going on Too Long or Cutting Things Too Short. ...
- Bad Summary. ...
- No Action Verbs. ...
- Leaving Off Important Information.
Key Takeaways. You Don't Need to Include Every Job on Your Resume: Highlight jobs that demonstrate your experience, skills, and fit for the role. Leave Off Jobs That Are Unrelated: You can also omit jobs that are more than 10 to 15 years old, to avoid age discrimination.
Is Times New Roman good for resume? ›Best Resume Fonts
When speaking with recruiters, it quickly became clear that classic fonts are still the best options. "I'm a big fan of the 'classics' for resumes – Times New Roman, Arial, Calibri, Helvetica, and Cambria.
Typically, resumes stay within a single-spaced format up to 1.5-point spacing. You want enough space to keep your resume scannable without leaving too much white space between lines of text.
How big should your name be on a resume? ›The font size matters, too
If it's too large, your resume will look bulky and end up being longer than it needs to be. To avoid making any mistakes when it comes to font sizes and formatting, here are my three general rules: Your name (at the top): 18 to 24 points. Headings: 12 to 16 points.
A resume headline (also known as a resume title) is a brief phrase that highlights your value as a candidate. Located at the top of your resume under your name and contact information, a headline allows a recruiter to see quickly and concisely what makes you the right person for the job.
What are 7 main crucial contents in a resume? ›The five basic but important elements to include in your resume should be: a heading, your objective, skills and experience, education, certifications and awards, interests and finally, references. We deep-dive into points for considerations under each of these seven key elements.
What are the 4 things a resume should include? ›The core contents of a resume include: contact information, resume summary / resume objective, work experience, education and skills.
How many jobs should you list on your resume? ›
Even if you have a long work history, expounding on only three to five jobs is the most effective way to highlight your expertise. After that, you could save space by writing the rest of your history without a description.
What do you put at the end of a resume? ›A declaration in a resume states that all the information you have included is correct to the best of your knowledge. It is typically placed at the end of a resume as an affirmation that all the information presented is the truth. Along with the declaration, the statement also includes the writer's name and the date.
What are two things you should not put on a resume? ›...
Don't include:
- Your marital status.
- Sexual orientation.
- Religious or political affiliations.
- Social security number.
- Anything else that a prospective employer can't ask about.
It's totally fine just to list years on your resume as long as it doesn't significantly misrepresent your background — for example, don't list a six-week job from December 2022 to January 2023 as "2022-2023," but you can list a job you held from March to October 2022 as simply "2022."
How many jobs is too many on a resume? ›How Many Jobs Should You List on a Resume? You should list as many jobs on your resume as you can assuming they are all relevant and you're not going beyond the 10-15 year limit. The number of jobs typically varies between 7 and 3. As long as each job or position is relevant, you shouldn't worry about the exact number.
What does a good resume look like in 2023? ›For the majority of job-seekers, the best resume format in 2023 is the reverse-chronological resume format. This resume format involves listing your resume information (e.g. your work experience and your education) starting with the most recent one and going backward through relevant jobs, degrees, or qualifications.
Should you have a summary on your resume 2022? ›You should use a resume summary section when you want to highlight your skills, experience, and overall showcase your professional background to recruiters. Use this opportunity to intrigue and draw them further into your resume by helping them get a quick overview of your know-how and how you can be a valuable asset.
Should my resume have color 2022? ›Colors for Resume 2022? It seems that most hiring managers believe that colors on a resume won't make or break an application unless you're in a conservative field. If you're applying for a creative career, adding a few tasteful colors to an eye-catching resume template may be the way to go.
Should you put your picture on your resume 2022? ›In general, avoid putting a photo on your resume. Studies show recruiters spend less than seven seconds looking at a resume, so you don't want to distract them in any way. Resume photos can be a distraction.
What makes a resume outdated? ›Your resume is too long. As you progress in your career, your resume will get longer. But too much information can overwhelm readers and make your resume seem outdated. When an employer reads your resume, they're not looking for a list of everything you've done.
What should you not put in a resume summary? ›
- High School Information. ...
- References. ...
- Personal Information. ...
- Your Age. ...
- Your Exact Street Address. ...
- A Career Objective. ...
- Your Current Work Contacts. ...
- Your Personal Email Address.
Allowing your resume to run longer than the standard one-page length may actually help you get further in the job hunting process, research suggests. A 2018 study found that employers preferred two-page resumes over one-page resumes, regardless of a candidate's job level.
What color stands out most on resume? ›Black and white create the highest contrast possible, so it is considered one of the best color schemes to use on a resume. You can choose a pale background and intensive dark lettering. Just keep in mind that your resume may be printed in black and white, so don't use pale on pale.
Which color attracts most attention on resume? ›Conclusion: Best Colors on a Resume
A black, white, and blue color scheme will appear modern, trustworthy, and grab the reader's attention without being distracting. Beyond blue, other good choices include green, red, and orange.
Should you put your address on your resume? It's optional. In certain situations, including it could be helpful, but leaving it out won't get you rejected. Put the city and zip code of the employer in your professional summary if you're really concerned about being rejected by the ATS.
How many skills should you put on a resume? ›You'll want to have anywhere between 5 and 10 skills in the skills section of your resume. Your resume's skills section is a key part of impressing a hiring manager and recruiter. It's important to tailor your resume to the specific job, and put any skills that the job description is asking for.
How long should a resume be? ›For most candidates, a resume should be only one page. Be brief and concise with anything you write on your resume. Customize your resume for the job you're applying for and include only relevant experience. If you've done everything right, you shouldn't get past one page.
Should I include references on my resume? ›Do not include references on a resume unless an employer asks you to. Look for alternative methods of spotlighting a former employer's endorsement, like a recommendation letter. Never include professional references without first checking with each person you list. If you do include references, list three of them.